Hadith #9820

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of all worlds. May peace and blessings be upon our beloved Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), his pure progeny, the Ahl al-Bayt, and his noble companions.

The Arabic Hadith of Imam Ali (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ) states,

مَنْ جارَ مُلْكُهُ عَظُمَ هُلْكُهُ۔

This Hadith is a profound statement that highlights the consequences of a tyrannical rule. Let us delve into the exegesis of this Hadith in light of the Quran.

The word (jaar) "جار" in this Hadith refers to one whose kingship or rule is characterized by oppression, injustice, and tyranny. Such a ruler uses his power to exploit and harm his subjects, disregarding their rights and well-being. The word (mulk) "مُلْكُهُ" signifies the dominion or sovereignty of this ruler, emphasizing the scope and extent of his authority.

To understand the gravity of this Hadith, we can turn to the Quran for guidance. In Surah Al-Qasas, verse 4, Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ) describes the oppressive rule of Pharaoh, saying, (Quran 28:4)

Indeed, Pharaoh exalted himself in the land and made its people into factions, oppressing a sector among them, slaughtering their [newborn] sons and keeping their females alive. Indeed, he was of the corrupters.

This verse illustrates the destructive consequences of a tyrannical ruler. Pharaoh's oppressive rule led to the division of his people, the killing of innocent children, and the corruption of society. Similarly, the Hadith of Imam Ali (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ) warns that the destruction of such a ruler will be immense.

The Quran further emphasizes the importance of just leadership and the dire consequences of tyranny. In Surah Al-Qasas, verse 5, Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ) states, (Quran 28:5)

And We wanted to confer favor upon those who were oppressed in the land and make them leaders and make them inheritors.

This verse highlights Allah's desire to uplift the oppressed and grant them leadership. It demonstrates that a just and righteous leader is one who upholds the rights of the people and ensures their well-being. Conversely, a tyrannical ruler brings destruction upon himself and his kingdom.

Reflecting on this Hadith, we can draw several important lessons. Firstly, it reminds us of the significance of justice and fairness in leadership. A ruler who oppresses his subjects not only causes harm to them but also invites his own downfall. History is replete with examples of tyrants who faced destruction due to their unjust rule.

Secondly, this Hadith serves as a reminder for Muslims to strive for justice in all aspects of life. It encourages us to stand against oppression and support those who are oppressed. By doing so, we contribute to the establishment of a just society and protect ourselves from the destructive consequences of tyranny.

Furthermore, this Hadith highlights the profound knowledge and wisdom of Imam Ali (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ). Imam Ali's deep understanding of the consequences of tyrannical rule is a testament to his exceptional knowledge and insight. His teachings continue to guide Muslims in their pursuit of justice and righteousness.

In conclusion, the Hadith of Imam Ali (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ) warns of the immense destruction that befalls a ruler whose kingship is characterized by tyranny. It aligns with the Quranic teachings that emphasize the importance of just leadership and the dire consequences of oppression. As Muslims, we should strive for justice, support the oppressed, and learn from the wisdom of Imam Ali (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ) in order to build a society that is guided by justice and compassion.