Hadith #9708

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of all worlds. Peace and blessings be upon our beloved Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), his pure progeny, and his righteous companions.

The provided Hadith of Imam Ali (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ) emphasizes the importance of fulfilling one's obligations towards both friends and enemies. Imam Ali (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ) states that true magnanimity cannot be attributed to someone who fails to honor their responsibilities towards their allies and does not treat their adversaries with fairness.

To understand the deeper meaning of this Hadith, let us examine the key words and concepts it contains. The word (muruwwah) "مُرُوَّةِ" refers to magnanimity, nobility, and generosity of character. It encompasses virtues such as kindness, compassion, and justice. The word (dhimmah) "ذِمَّةَ" refers to the protection and trust that is extended to someone, particularly in the context of friendship or alliance. And the word (a'da'ahu) "أعْدائَهُ" refers to one's enemies or adversaries.

In the Quran, Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ) repeatedly emphasizes the importance of treating others with justice and fulfilling one's obligations. In Surah Al-Ma'idah, Allah says, (Quran 4:135)

O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allah is more worthy of both. So follow not [personal] inclination, lest you not be just. And if you distort [your testimony] or refuse [to give it], then indeed Allah is ever, with what you do, Acquainted

This verse highlights the obligation of Muslims to uphold justice, even if it goes against their own interests or the interests of their loved ones. It emphasizes the importance of being fair and impartial in all situations. Similarly, in Surah Al-Hujurat, Allah says, (Quran 49:9)

O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allah is more worthy of both. So follow not [personal] inclination, lest you not be just. And if you distort [your testimony] or refuse [to give it], then indeed Allah is ever, with what you do, Acquainted

These verses highlight the significance of treating all individuals, including friends and enemies, with fairness and justice. They remind Muslims that their actions should be guided by the principles of righteousness and integrity, regardless of personal biases or affiliations.

Imam Ali's (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ) statement in the Hadith echoes the teachings of the Quran. It emphasizes that true magnanimity is not limited to being kind and just towards friends and allies alone. Rather, it encompasses treating even one's enemies with fairness and justice. This is a reflection of the noble character of Imam Ali (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ), who was known for his wisdom, knowledge, and ability to maintain justice in all situations.

By fulfilling our obligations towards our friends and treating our enemies justly, we demonstrate the true essence of magnanimity. This not only upholds the principles of Islam but also fosters harmony and goodwill within society. It allows for the possibility of reconciliation and forgiveness, even in the face of animosity.

Conversely, neglecting our responsibilities towards our friends or treating our enemies unjustly undermines the very foundation of magnanimity. It leads to division, resentment, and a breakdown of trust. Such behavior goes against the teachings of Islam and hinders the establishment of a just and compassionate society.

In conclusion, the Hadith of Imam Ali (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ) serves as a reminder for Muslims to fulfill their obligations towards their friends and enemies alike. It highlights the importance of treating others with fairness and justice, regardless of personal affiliations. By embodying these principles, we can strive towards true magnanimity and contribute to the establishment of a just and harmonious society. May Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ) guide us all in upholding these virtues and grant us the ability to fulfill our obligations towards others.